Toward Human-Level Artificial Intelligence

Is a computer simulation of a brain sufficient to make it intelligent? Do you need consciousness to have intelligence? Do you need to be alive to have consciousness? This book has a dual purpose. First, it provides a multi-disciplinary research survey across all branches of neuroscience and AI research that relate to the book's mission of bringing AI research closer to building a human-level AI (HLAI) system. It provides an encapsulation of key ideas and concepts, generally without going into tutorial explanations, but providing all the references for the reader to delve deeper, and including coverage of pioneering research which is not yet available in textbooks. Second, the final part of the book brings together key concepts from the survey and makes suggestions for building HLAI. The book provides accessible explanations of numerous key concepts from neuroscience and artificial intelligence research including: the focus on visual processing and thinking and the possible role of brain lateralization towards visual thinking and intelligence; diffuse decision making by ensembles of neurons; the inside-out model to give HLAI an inner 'life' and the possible role for cognitive architecture implementing the scientific method through the plan-do-check-act cycle within that model (learning to learn); including a neuromodulation feature such as a machine equivalent of dopamine; and more. The book concludes by explaining the hypothesis that computer simulation is sufficient to take AI research further towards HLAI and that the scientific method is our means to enable that progress. This book will be of great interest to a broad audience, particularly neuroscientists and AI researchers, investors in AI projects, and lay readers looking for an accessible introduction to the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence.